Eastern and Western Europeans Differ on Importance of Religion, Views of Minorities, and Key Social Issues People in Central and Eastern Europe are less accepting of Muslims and Jews, same-sex marriage, and legal abortion In Portugal, for example, the vast majority of adults say that being born in Portugal (81%) and having a Portuguese family background (80%) are very or somewhat important to being truly Portuguese. These sentiments also are widespread among adults in Italy and Spain. [CC BY-SA 3.0] via Commons, Filed Under: Countries Tagged With: Eastern bloc, Eastern Europe, Eastern Europe characteristics, Eastern Europe definition, Soviet bloc, Western and Eastern Europe compare, Western Europe, Western Europe characteristics, Western Europe definition, Western vs Eastern Europe. The Cold War ended about 30 years ago but many of the differences between eastern and western Europe remain. The breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s resulted in much bloodshed. Researchers included Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, the Baltics and the Balkans as part of Central and Eastern Europe because all these countries were part of the Soviet sphere of influence in the 20th century. Today we're going to go location by location and discuss how life varies in different parts of Europe. They usually possess brown or dark eye, and they can have coarse . Western Europe: More Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. None of the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed allow same-sex marriages. But in most other countries surveyed, Muslims and Jews make up relatively small shares of the population, and surveys often are not able to reliably measure their precise size. But on the whole, people in Western European countries are much more likely than their neighbors in the East to embrace multiculturalism. And in a few countries, including Russia, Christians have increased as a percentage of the population. When they were in the Soviet Unions sphere of influence, many Central and Eastern European countries officially kept religion out of public life. The surveys asked respondents across the continent whether they agree with the statement, Our people are not perfect, but our culture is superior to others. While there are exceptions, Central and Eastern Europeans overall are more inclined to say their culture is superior. Yet, at the same time, only about six-in-ten Hungarians believe in God, reflecting Western European levels of belief. This is not to suggest that support for multiculturalism is universal even in Western Europe. Majorities favor same-sex marriage in every Western European country surveyed, and nearly all of these countries have legalized the practice. Next came Ukraine (15%), Slovakia (19%), Romania (16%), Serbia (14%), Czechia (12.5%), Macedonia (10%), Albania (10%), Montenegro (9%), Bosnia (10%), and Bulgaria (10%). But you don't have to go far from a major city to find this attitude change. Most are also members of NATO. Little typifies this approach to life more than the siesta, which is a short nap in the early afternoon, usually after lunch. It consists of 10 countries. And how about multiculturalism and open borders? For example, in the Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia, the vast majority of people say being Christian (specifically Lutheran) is not important to their national identity. Religion plays a less-significant role in everyday life than places like the United States, and the majority do not attend church regularly. 3There is greater tolerance in the U.S. than in Europe for offensive speech. Some of the countries that fall under this category are United Kingdom, Norway, Portugal, Spain, France, Switzerland, Vatican City, Netherlands, Sweden, Malta, Italy, Iceland, Germany, Greece, Finland, etc. In most countries in the East, the share of Christians has remained fairly stable in recent generations. Accepting one drink may lead to many more, even if that drink is strong; vodka is common. Eastern Europe is the largest and most populous . Coming from Engineering cum Human Resource Development background, has over 10 years experience in content developmet and management. Particularly sharp differences emerge when comparing attitudes in countries historically associated with Eastern vs. Western Europe. Therefore, do not misunderstand the information. Survey results suggest that Europes regional divide over same-sex marriage could persist into the future: Across most of Central and Eastern Europe, young adults oppose legalizing gay marriage by only somewhat narrower margins than do their elders. Western Europe: People speak romance languages and languages with Germanic roots. Eastern European cities have outstanding pedestrian zones. Eastern-Europe-map2 by CrazyPhunk self-made based upon: Image:Eastern-Europe-map2.png. Amongst 269 samples of Savonians (Eastern Finns), 92.2% of them belong to Haplogroup N. In most Central and Eastern European countries surveyed, a quarter or more say they believe in reincarnation that is, that people will be reborn in this world again and again. The Center previously has published major reports on both surveys: Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe and Being Christian in Western Europe. Many of the same questions were asked in both regions, allowing for the comparisons in this report. Europe is a continent of many peoples, languages, and cultures. By Ferenc Lacz. 1973. Unexpected transformations in Eastern Europe have been central to the remaking of contemporary Europe. There are substantial populations belonging to non-Christian religions particularly Islam in many European countries. 6. But historical schisms underlie this common religious identity: Each of the three major Christian traditions Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodoxy predominates in a certain part of the continent. Thus, Central Europe is a European crossroads of sorts, where different languages and cultures of the continent meet. 525 lessons. The United Nations Geoscheme divides Europe into 4 subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Northern Europe, and Southern Europe. No matter where the lines are drawn, however, there are strong geographic patterns in how people view religion, national identity, minorities and key social issues. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. While majorities in most Central and Eastern European countries tie being Christian to being truly Serbian, Polish, etc. 2.THE NINE (9) GEOGRAPHIC RACES: There are nine geographic races, each with particular genetic similarities. This is especially true in Western Europe, which is more secular than other parts of Europe. In fact, the opposite is true: In Western Europe, young adults (ages 18 to 34) are less likely than their elders to regard birthplace and ancestry as crucial to national identity, while in Central and Eastern Europe, young adults and older people are about equally likely to feel this way. The Far eastern Europeans contain a variety of facial features, including high face and a prominent nasal. Majorities in all European nations polled in 2011 said guaranteeing that nobody is in need is more important. Michael Derrer observed another common bond that was neither negative nor positive. Eastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Russia, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia, Slovakia, Moldova, Lithuania are some countries of Eastern Europe. Germany has the worlds fourth largest economy, while France has the seventh largest economy in the world. In parts of Europe where siestas aren't common (such as Western and Northern Europe), businesses tend to close earlier in the evenings. In fact, overwhelming majorities of adults in every European country surveyed East and West alike say it is important to respect the laws of their country in order to truly belong. Concerning the importance of family background to national identity, there is a bigger gap between young adults in Western Europe and young adults in Central and Eastern Europe than between the adult populations as a whole. For example, majorities in Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands and Norway say it is not very or not at all important to be born in their country or have family background there to be truly Swedish, etc. Americans and Europeans share many things: a commitment to fundamental democratic principles, a strategic alliance that has shaped the world order for more than half a century, and despite serious economic challenges in recent years, some of the highest living standards in the world. Thats natural because there are common bonds, despite the diversitythe same goes for Eastern Europe. But in several others, including Poland, Russia and Ukraine, the balance of opinion tilts in the other direction, with respondents more likely to say that abortion should be mostly or entirely illegal. They also tend to have thicker eyebrows than other ethnic groups. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Required fields are marked *. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. This affects the culture to this day, with some large Russian populations and similar cultural attitudes. In a 2014 survey, 57% of Americans disagreed with the statement Success in life is pretty much determined by forces outside our control, a higher percentage than in any of the European nations polled. Traditional culture can be found in rural areas. All of Europes countries are generally classified as developed countries, though some are more developed than others. Languages: In this way, Eastern Europeans are similar to Western Europeans, although Eastern Europeans are one step more in the relaxed direction. They endured fascism, communism, corruption, economic chaos, invasion, occupation, famine, war, and genocide. Taken together, these and other questions about national identity, religious minorities and cultural superiority would seem to indicate a European divide, with high levels of religious nationalism in the East and more openness toward multiculturalism in the West. For some, it conjures up the continents Christian heritage; for others, it connotes a broader political liberalism that encompasses a separation between church and state, asylum for refugees, and democratic government. This is again a result of the cold climate, as a wider nose helps to warm up air before it enters the lungs. Europe has a population for more than 747 million people. And Protestantism is the dominant Christian tradition in much of Northern Europe, particularly Scandinavia. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Move Over BRIC. For example, 36% of Polish adults under 35 say they would be willing to accept Muslims in their family, far below the two-thirds of young French adults who say they would be willing to have Muslims in their family mirroring the overall publics in those countries. Michael Derrer, a Swiss consultant and translator for Eastern Europe, told me, Western perfectionism asks for improving situations, which of course is good in the long run, but Eastern Europeans can cope with situations that are not perfect, which is useful for the short-term individual well-being.. Moreover, Eastern Europe isnt the global leader on such issues (nor are they the laggard, either). Life satisfaction differs all over Europe depending on social and economic factors which aid or contribute positively or negatively to the landscape. I am thinking of traditional values like progress towards higher well-being, family success, and traditional gender relations.. The subregion has a population of about 106 million, which makes it the least populous of the European subregions. Theyve fulfilled a capitalist fantasy: simple, predictable taxes. However, most Europeans have long, narrow noses, prominent cheekbones, hooded and almond-shaped eyes, and thin lips. I feel like its a lifeline. See Methodology for details. At much higher elevations are the Alpine countries of Switzerland, Austria, and the small principality of Liechtenstein. Europe has strong social safety nets and this further reduces the level of stress in people's lives. 1 (3 views). In most other parts of Central and Eastern Europe, Christian shares of the population have been relatively stable by this measure. On balance, there are smaller shares of nones and larger shares of Christians in Central and Eastern Europe, though a plurality of Estonians (45%) are unaffiliated, and the Czech Republic is the only country surveyed on the entire continent where nones form a majority (72%). The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union refers to common values in its preamble, which begins: The peoples of Europe, in creating an ever closer union among them, are resolved to share a peaceful future based on common values. 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Eastern European culture often involves venting about misfortunes; when compared to the unusually positive culture of America, the differences are stark. (At the same time, its worth noting that on this and other questions there are differences within Europe too. By contrast, this trend has not been seen in Central and Eastern Europe, where Christian shares of the population have mostly been stable or even increasing. And in Georgia, 92% of adults say it is important to speak Georgian to truly share their national identity. These rights and principles are part of the EUs legal system and have been affirmed in decisions of the European Court of Justice going back decades.4 But the membership of the EU has changed in recent years, beginning in 2004 to spread significantly from its historic western base into Central and Eastern Europe. East Europeans in addition have thick lip area and a round or perhaps almond-shaped deal with. The share in each country who say they would be willing to accept Muslims or Jews as neighbors can be found. On the other side is Russia. It is related to Italian, Spanish, French and Portuguese. Eastern European is what is called a panethnicity, which describes a group of ethnicities with common origins. Russian men often have angular faces with prominent noses. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } Indeed, Germany has always figured prominently in the history of Central Europe, beginning with the Holy Roman Empire that controlled much of the region in medieval times. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. He has a Masters in Education, and a Bachelors in Physics. Your email address will not be published. The advancements that these ancient civilizations made in governance, science, architecture, and the arts helped shape both Europe and the rest of the world. For example, most Greeks say they are not willing to accept Muslims in their families; three-quarters consider being Orthodox Christian important to being truly Greek; and nearly nine-in-ten say Greek culture is superior to others. This is the richest part of Europe, containing the major financial hubs of Paris and London. In most of Europe, including the countryside of France, Germany, and Spain, life is relatively laid-back and slow-paced, people work less demanding schedules, and family and mealtimes are central parts of life. In Bosnia, roughly half of the population is Muslim, while Russia and Bulgaria have sizable Muslim minority populations. For the sake of argument, it is probably safe to say that there are up to 9 countries that could be considered part of Central Europe. In the Eastern European countries, the conservative ideas are more prominent in comparison to the Western region. However, today, Westerners are saddled with convoluted tax codes, while Eastern Europeans are champions of flat taxes. Among the other, smaller countries of Western Europe are the so-called Low Countries of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. Among the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed, there are only three exceptions where fewer than two-thirds of adults say they believe in God: Hungary (59%), Estonia (44%) and the Czech Republic (29%). 1.8k Advances in artificial intelligence have led to the increased use of facial-recognition technology. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. Russian women facial features Russian women tend to have softer features than men. While large majorities across the continent say they were baptized Christian, and most European countries still have solid Christian majorities, the survey responses indicate a significant decline in Christian affiliation throughout Western Europe. Although Greece was not part of the Eastern bloc, it is categorized in Central and Eastern Europe because of both its geographical location and its public attitudes, which are more in line with Eastern than Western Europe on the issues covered in this report. A train in Austria (left) versus Serbia (right). Public sentiment is very different in Central and Eastern Europe, where majorities in nearly all countries surveyed oppose allowing gays and lesbians to marry legally. Today, most of Eastern Europe is part of the European Union (EU) and NATO. Their back head is much flatter whereas the Western skulls (including North, Central and Southern European) are more rounded. Eastern Europeans are a gritty, intense, and supernaturally sturdy people. For instance, Czechs are highly secular, generally favor same-sex marriage and do not associate Christianity with their national identity, similar to most Western Europeans. Western Europe consists of 9 countries, and has a total population of about 196 million. The Eastern European subregion stretches from the Ural Mountains in the east to the western borders of Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Public Sees Black People, Women, Gays and Lesbians Gaining Influence in Biden Era, Economy and COVID-19 Top the Publics Policy Agenda for 2021, Our favorite Pew Research Center data visualizations of 2019, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, The changing face of Congress in 8 charts. Mediterranean Europe is an area that includes Eastern Spain, Southern France, Italy, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, and Albania. Along with the inventions of the industrial revolution, countries have been able to gain a high economic development rate. This is not to say that Central and Eastern Europeans are very religious by conventional measures of religious behavior. Fundamental Rights in the European Union: The role of the Charter after the Lisbon Treaty. European Parliamentary Research Service. Europe has strong social safety nets and this further reduces the level of stress in people's lives. Life in Europe, like anywhere, varies a lot. But you don't have to go far from a major city, even in Western Europe, to find this attitude change. For example, 98% of Danes, 96% of Hungarians and 87% of Russians say it is important to respect their institutions and laws to truly be Danish, Hungarian or Russian. 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