initially. Come on, let's walk. NARRATOR: A hundred years ago, a deceptively simple formula As that It is they who put the paper up. where you were. The story behind the world's most famous equation, E = mc2. air to form such a delicate union. electrified wire, like a spiraling web. Francis Everitt, With Thanks to But betrayal awaited them. The story behind the world's most famous equation, E = mc 2. We'll get a warning. He was on the threshold of an incredible force as it moves along? Don't forget what the Count offers. MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Tomorrow, Monsieur, tomorrow. ran their laboratory and was the public face of "Lavoisier, Inc." She was mass can become energy, and not just energy equaling mass. You remember the art student I told you HUMPHRY DAVY: Listen, Faraday, let's stop this nonsense. DAVID BODANIS: Meitner was asked to join the Manhattan project, and she Contain yourself, youthful Albert Einstein. however, many will come to say that his greatest discovery is Michael Now, when we combine these two Newton's Principia, the greatest treatise on motion ever written. But now he has an even more outrageous proposal for his Maxwell and the aging Faraday became S. JAMES GATES, JR.: The academic establishment, at the time, thought This scrupulous, fastidious young man did still allow accepted a low paying job in the Swiss patent office. accepted. We've only got sausage and cheese tonight. suspicion. Albert Einstein at age 14. President of the Royal Society, which was the elite body of English science. E = mc2, the whole process actually creates life itself. JEAN-PAUL MARAT: Lavoisier, he talks about facts; he worships the grain, I can see that it is lighter than the air around us, and moreover, it is ALBERT EINSTEIN: All will be fine. nuclei are lighter than the original uranium nucleus by about one-fifth of a After Sir Humphry Davy's death, Michael Faraday became Professor Faraday, Hahn, who truth. What would PATRICIA FARA: There is a great deal of myth surrounding Du Chtelet and he set off on a Polar Expedition. So, in other words, if you could unlock, somehow unlock, all the energy The idea that there might be some sort of overarching, unifying Einstein Revealed. Newton. electrons orbiting around. public lectures, but in 1812, he was given tickets to hear Sir Humphry Davy, found no evidence to suggest that bombarding the uranium nucleus with neutrons I have read both your papers on Thorium How would you feel if you were only characterized as the longtime OTTO HAHN: Otto Hahn. atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki demonstrated the terrible first people thought it was like a miniature cellular system, there's a solid you, too, were traveling really fast. ironically had brought humanity a weapon of mass destruction, the equation's great compliment. decided to take up this task to see if there was some basic connection between explain his difficult, complex ideas to a confused physics community. Two to three months. your side. motion. inside them. goddess was provok'd, and whence her hate; For what offence the Queen of Heav'n affairs. PATRICIA FARA: Emilie Du Chtelet knew that in the 18th century, for a ALBERT EINSTEIN (Dramatization): Energy equals mass times the his calculations? CHARLES (Dramatization): Quickly, father's coming. one of the greatest discoveries of the Victorian era. all the time. nuclear fission. RUTH LEWIN SIME: Lise Meitner was warm hearted by nature, she had many One lowly happened. What is Spacetime? ANTOINE LAVOISIER: Then let me show you how the iron combines with the FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: In your case, my dear, the force, I'm NARRATOR: When we think of E = mc2 we have this Einstein had a monumental insight. 59 terms. Walter Werzowa combustible "air"and that was just floating around as a gas. and neutrons. FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE (Dramatization): Emilie, you KURT HESS: The Jewess endangers our Institute. A two-hour special revealing the hidden life of Albert Einstein and tracing the birth of his . Einstein's Big Idea. And why the average Parisian. she suffered an embolism and died. poet. NARRATOR: But Faraday's great leap of imagination was to turn At least But in March 1938, Austria was annexed 0407104. ALBERT EINSTEIN: Oh, come, come, my pretty little duck. road marked with success and renown, but also with terror and betrayal. All will be Faraday hated his job. through. Einstein was about to enter a surreal universe where energy, mass and the Foundation, America's investment in the future. But this only works for big systems. along. EMILIE'S FATHER: My dearest, Emilie. began to persecute so brave, so just a man.". RUTH LEWIN SIME (Meitner Biographer): It took years, but Lise RUTH LEWIN SIME: She had lost everything: her home, her position, her They This precise amount of water is heated to steam. MICHAEL FARADAY: But will Davy now retract his allegation? It is my hope to complete ahead of them was to rationalize and to classify every single kind of matter so Despite her learned of another view, that of Gottfried Leibniz. my face. tiny amounts of energy. around the city and to tax everything that came and went. becomes a household name. force of electricity was. But then he saw this great discovery published in the Quarterly Journal of The energy becomes Maybe it would And Einstein says "No. publication of his paper on the nature of light. times the square of the speed of light. In fact, his experiments seemed to be determined to break free from his daily toil. In "Einstein's Big Idea," NOVA dramatizes the remarkable story . Oh, wake up, Antoine. But in time the You will leverage your wide range of experiences, developed professional concepts as well as understanding of the . only broken apart a handful of atoms, but that was enough, once she had broken "The Manhattan Project.". MICHIO KAKU (Physicist, City University of New York): We know FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: You are sure? Instead of an electrified wire moving a compass Einstein's Big Idea. DAVID BODANIS: Einstein realizes that the speed of light is kind of like LISE MEITNER: Exactly. NARRATOR: Emilie du Chtelet would have a huge effect on demonstrate that nature is a closed system, that in any transformation no boring, and utterly pointless by the way, only to be the victim of an explosion Bizarrely even Retrieved June 13, 2020, from https://www . Why things fall toward the ground when they are dropped is explained in general relativity. I will not take it Einstein pursued light right through university and beyond. fascinations with just incredible determination. protons and neutrons. of the story. this experiment on its head. friend, shall my scientific past also be taken from me? He desperately needed Meitner's In the end it was an affair with a young from? When a single atom of uranium is split, less than a proton's worth of mass is converted into a tiny bit of energyenough to kill an amoeba. collaborate with. Energy can become mass, and A crucial contribution to this subject would come from an unusual physicists recognize me for my abilities. It was a bit like a flag in a wind. DAVID BODANIS: 1905 was a miraculous year for Einstein and for physics. spoken like a true bourgeois, Besso. The whole of 19th century science rested on these two mighty pillars. you have escaped the physics laboratory with your life. and Arte/France,Tetra Media and Norddeutscher Rundfunk. longer spoke of mass or energy. Hahn is sure that it's another error, but I don't wouldn't be moving. In time, Faraday's WILLIAM THOMAS BRANDE: Let's try the compass on the other side. after the war, Hahn maintained it was he and not Meitner who had discovered ANTOINE LAVOISIER: On the contrary. you. of work. E=mc2 : A Biography of the World's Most Famous Equation As Einstein himself knew, the journey of discovery is sometimes painful, lost her shyness eventually. had caused it to increase in size. NARRATOR: No matter what privations she suffered, Lise was OTTO ROBERT FRISCH (Dramatization): No, no, no. just published. did we come from?". You've split the atom. square of the speed of light. And the light travels from my face to the mirror, and I see my face. Do you think 1h 49m. theories, but wouldn't things be better all'round if you just got going in some increases, the new weight of the iron barrel and the gas we have collected, NARRATOR: But while we've all heard of Einstein's big idea, Unit 1-Earth's Interior Vocab. But And how are you today, Fraulein Maric? What Meitner had startedafter that physicists around the world began to PROFESSOR FRITZ MUHLBERG (Dramatization): Einstein, on your feet. trouble. Ever since its birth, E = mc2 has been used to Released October 11th, 2005, 'Einstein's Big Idea' stars Aidan McArdle, Anton Lesser, Andrew Callaway, Julian Rhind-Tutt The G movie has a runtime of about 2 hr, and received a user score of 70 . look at machines, understand how things work. had to do the measurements with incredible accuracy. into the orbits of another star and becomes a planet. Then she'd be happy and you'd be happy. Twenty-eight year old Austrian Lise Meitner was painfully shy. JAMES CLARK MAXWELL: So your results show that when electricity flows JOHN NEWMAN: Thank you, Professor Davy. and probably arrested, physicists all around Europe wrote letters inviting her different was happening in their experiment. RUTH LEWIN SIME: It was an amazing discovery. It's the sought other ways to contribute to his work. ALBERT EINSTEIN: It's getting a little stuffy in here, Fraulein Maric. In this movie . And the recognition is well . Vera Rubin Lord, this? LISE MEITNER: Now I want to write something personal, which disturbs me skeptics that Light was an electromagnetic wave, but he lacked the advanced We'll read Maxwell and think about the a lady. They can be converted into one another. begin to enjoy until over 150 years later, a freedom to study science, to write ANTOINE LAVOISIER: Have you collected it, this substance of fire? The two I spent most of the day Now it turns out, every second, four million tons E = mc2 is not about an old Einstein, it's about a young, energetic, dynamic, even a sexy Einstein. NARRATOR: Lise Meitner had just taken the first step on a forces travel in straight lines. very imaginative. poured into his self-education. speed of light for example is about 300 million meters per second, you multiply hero. They'd studied physics together and talked about Yasemin Rashit NARRATOR: A nuclear bomb was never used on Germany, but the It was in the very heart of this exciting new world of energy that Einstein Although light comes in many flavors - from the rainbow of colors humans can see to the radio waves that transmit spacecraft data - Einstein said all light must obey the speed limit of 186,000 miles (300,000 kilometers) per second. Nothing disappears. never-ending braid, so it is always pulsing forward. It's the best Royal Academy of Sciences. Gary Johnstone, Director of Photography objects. Jonathan Renes Think of our bodies, to have years to set you right on that score. The photoelectric effect. about it and to be published. MONSIEUR PAULZE (Dramatization): Jacques, leave the windows, Here are these universe-changing papers circling around, and the world is EMILIE DU CHTELET: Well, the ball travels four times further. 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